2016年全国卷3卷阅读理解以考查细节题为主，大部分都能从文中找到做题的依据。下面是小编分享的全国3卷真题及答案解析，希望能对大家有所帮助!

　　第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

　　第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　A

　　Music

　　Opera at Music Hall: 1243 Elm Street. The season runs June through August, with additional performances in March and September. The Opera honors Enjoy the Arts membership discounts. Phone: 241-2742.

　　Chamber Orchestra: The Orchestra plays at Memorial Hall at 1406 Elm Street, which offers several concerts from March through June. Call 723-1182 for more information.

　　Symphony Orchestra: At Music Hall and Riverbend. For ticket sales, call 381-3300. Regular season runs September through May at Music Hall in summer at Riverbend.

　　College Conservatory of Music (CCM): Performances are on the main campus(校园) of the university, usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater. CCM organizes a variety of events, including performances by the well-known LaSalle Quartet, CCM’s Philharmonic Orchestra, and various groups of musicians presenting Baroque through modern music. Students with I.D. cards can attend the events for free. A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 556-4183.

　　Riverbend Music Theater: 6295 Kellogg Ave. Large outdoor theater with the closest seats under cover (price difference).Big name shows all summer long! Phone:232-6220. .

　　1.Which number should you call if you want to see an opera?

　　A. 241-2742. B. 723-1182.

　　C. 381-3300. D. 232-6220.

　　2.When can you go to a concert by Chamber Orchestra?

　　A. February. B. May. C. August. D. November.

　　3.Where can students go for free performances with their I.D. cards?

　　A. Music Hall. B. Memorial Hall.

　　C. Patricia Cobbett Theater. D. Riverbend Music Theater.

　　4.How is Riverbend Music Theater different from the other places?

　　A. It has seats in the open air.

　　B. It gives shows all year round.

　　C. It offers membership discounts.

　　D. It presents famous musical works.

　　【答案】

　　1.A

　　2.B

　　3.C

　　4.A

　　1.A细节理解题。根据“opera”定位到第一个活动，第一个活动的联系电话是241-2742，故选A。

　　2.B细节理解题。根据“Chamber Orchestra”定位到第二个活动，根据“which offers several concerts from March through June”可知，活动举办时间是3-6月，故选B。

　　3.C细节理解题。根据“with their I.D. cards”定位到第四个活动中的“Students with I.D. cards can attend the events for free.”，根据“usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater”可知答案，故选C。

　　考点：广告类短文阅读

　　【名师点睛】

　　阅读理解中细节理解题的干扰项的设置手法体现在下列几个原则： 1.包含项原则 在答案选项分析中，假如对A选项的理解概括了对其它三项(或其中某一项)的理解，那么我们就说选项A与其他三项是包含或概括关系，包含项A往往就是正确答案。如在“花”与“玫瑰”两选项中，正确答案肯定是“花”，花包含了玫瑰,因为玫瑰肯定是花，但花并不一定是玫瑰。 2.正反项原则 所谓正反项，是指两选项陈述的命题完全相矛盾。根据形式逻辑排中律知识：两个相互矛盾的判断不能都是假的，其中必有一真。所以在阅读理解中，假如四选项中A、B互为正反项，那我们通常先排除C、D项，正确答案一般在A、B项当中取其一。 3.委婉项原则 所谓委婉，这里是指说话不能说死，要留有余地。阅读理解选项中语气平和、委婉的往往是正确答案。这些选项一般含有不十分肯定或试探性语气的表达，如：probably, possibly, may, usually, might, most of, more or less,relatively, be likely to, not necessary, although, yet, in addition，tend to，be liable to等等，而含有绝对语气的表达往往不是正确答案，如：must, always, never, the most,all, every, any, merely, only, completely, none, hardly, already等等。 4.同形项原则 几个选项如存在形式与结构上的相似，那它们就互为同形项。同形项组可喻为高尔夫球场上的“果岭”，而正确答案就是果岭上的“球洞”。命题者往往先将正确答案设置在一个大命题范围，然后通过语言形式的细微变化来考察考生的理解能力与分析能力。同形项原则告诉我们：词汇与句法结构相似的选项一般存在有正确答案。 5.常识项原则 在议论文当中，那些符合一般常识，意义深刻富有哲理，符合一般规律，属于普遍现象的选项往往是正确答案。 6.因果项原则 阅读理解逻辑推理基本都是通过因果链进行的，前因后果，一步步循序渐进。然而，在推理题型的选项中，有的选项会推理不到位(止于前因)，或者推理过头(止于后果)，这就是所谓的干扰项。因果项原则规定：假如四个选项中有两项互为同一事物推理过程中的因果关系，那么正确答案就是这两个因果项中的其中之一。如果因项可以产生几个结果，那么答案就是因项;如果果项可以对应几个原因，那么答案就是果项。

　　B

　　On one of her trips to New York several years ago, Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner. They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes, another customer was approaching their table.

　　“Hey, aren’t you from Mississippi?” the elegant, white-haired writer remembered being asked by the stranger. “I’m from Mississippi too.”

　　Without a second thought, the woman joined the Welty party. When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair.

　　“They began telling me all the news of Mississippi,” Welty said. “I didn’t know what my New York friends were thinking.”

　　Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine. By the time the group got up to leave, it was pouring outside. Welty’s new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab. Heading back downtown toward her hotel, her big-city friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi.

　　“My friends said: ‘Now we believe your stories,’” Welty added. “And I said: ‘Now you know. These are the people that make me write them.’”

　　Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.

　　“I don’t make them up,” she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years. “I don’t have to.”

　　Beauticians, bartenders, piano players and people with purple hats, Welty’s people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss., from conversations overheard on a bus. It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has now given out. Sometimes, sitting on a bus or a train, she hears only a fragment(片段) of a particularly interesting story.

　　5.What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?

　　A. Two strangers joined her.

　　B. Her childhood friends came in.

　　C. A heavy rain ruined the dinner.

　　D. Some people held a party there.

　　6.The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty’s.

　　A. readers B. parties C. friends D. stories

　　7.What can we learn about the characters in Welty’s fiction?

　　A. They live in big cities.

　　B. They are mostly women.

　　C. They come from real life.

　　D. They are pleasure seekers.

　　【答案】

　　5.A

　　6.D

　　7.C

　　6.D猜测词义题。划线的them指代前面提到的人或物，根据“Now we believe your stories”可知，them指代的是Welty写的小说里面的故事，听了Welty和两个陌生人的有关密西西比的谈话之后，Welty的朋友相信了Welty小说里的故事都是来源于生活，故选D。

　　7.C推理判断题。根据“I don’t make them up”和“Welty’s people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss., from conversations overheard on a bus.”可知，Welty小说里的人物并非虚构的，他们都来源于现实的生活，故选C。

　　考点：故事类短文阅读

　　【名师点睛】

　　猜词技巧：阅读理解的测试中经常有猜测词、短语、习语意义的题目，这些词、短语、习语要么是生词，要么是熟词新义，单靠平时积累是不够的，还要掌握一定的做题技巧。总结如下： (1)根据构词法(转化、合成、派生)进行判断。 (2) 根据文中的定义、解释猜生词 ;利用事例或解释猜生词;利用重复解释的信息猜生词。 (3)根据上下文的指代关系进行选择：文章中的代词it，that，he，him或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指一件事。第6题就是属于对指代关系进行判断。 (4)根据转折或对比关系进行判断：根据上下句的连接词，如but，however，otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。 (5)根据因果关系进行判断：俗话说，“有因必有果，有果必有因”。根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。 (6)根据同位关系进行判断：阅读中有时出现新词、难词，后面就跟着一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，有时这种解释也用连词“or”连接。 (7)利用标点符号和提示词猜测词义。还可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。破折号表示解释说明。 常见问题形式有： (1)The word “…” in Line … means/can be best replaced by … (2)As used in the passage, the phrase??uggests?(3)Fromheassage,eannferhatheord/phrase?theentence??s/referso?means?(4)Theord??slosestneaningo?。还可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。破折号表示解释说明?

　　常C

　　If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what’s around.

　　It’s called Apple Day but in practice it’s more like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21, but sinceit has

　　caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain.

　　Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesn’t taste of anything special, it’s still worth a try, as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat’s Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.

　　There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you’ll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it’s a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.

　　At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and games.

　　Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园).If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near Faversham in Kent.

　　8.What can people do at the apple events?

　　A. Attend experts’ lectures. B. Visit fruit-loving families.

　　C. Plant fruit trees in an orchard. D. Taste many kinds of apples.

　　9.What can we learn about Decio?

　　A. It is a new variety. B. It has a strange look.

　　C. It is rarely seen now. D. It has a special taste.

　　10.What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3mean?

　　A. A practical idea. B. A vain hope.

　　C.A brilliant plan. D. A selfish desire.

　　11.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?

　　A. To show how to grow apples.

　　B .To introduce an apple festival.

　　C. To help people select apples.

　　D. To promote apple research.

　　【答案】

　　8.D

　　9.C

　　10.B

　　11.B

　　【解析】

　　试题分析：作者向人们介绍了一个节日--Apple Day。由于这个节日翡翠受欢迎，现在已经演变成“苹果月”了。在英国，人们在十月份庆祝该节日，持续大约一个月的时间。

　　8.D细节理解题。根据第二段“Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples.”可知，参加相关的庆祝活动的人们可以品尝各种各样的苹果，故选D。

　　9.C推理判断题。故选C。

　　11.B写作意图题。根据第一段“if you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what’s around. ”和最后一段“If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near Faversham in Kent.”可知，作者向读者介绍了一个节日—Apple Day，并推荐人们参加这个节日，故选B。

　　考点：生活故事类短文阅读

　　【名师点睛】

　　故事类文章是高考阅读理解常选材料之一。这类文章常通过叙述突出人物性格特征或讲述个人经历与感悟，以及逸闻趣事。文章的要素有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略;有些是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。 解题技巧： 1、高考选用的此类文章常常为幽默类或情感类故事，其目的或阐明某种观点，或抨击某种陋习，或赞扬某种品德，所以要关注作者表达的个人感悟，提出的个人意见，或故事中出其不意的变化，而这些往往体现文章中心或写作意图，属于必考点。例如第11题，考查写作意图。作者向读者介绍了一个节日—Apple Day，并推荐人们参加有关的活动。 2、该类文章语言流畅、有趣，命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。这类文章同学们常有文章易懂，题目不易做的感觉。要注意培养自己快速阅读的习惯。切不可在个别难懂的词句上停留太久，耽误时间。 3、对整篇短文内容有了一定的了解后，要马上看短文后的问题，带着问题去选择或判断答案。要确定所需查找的信息范围，并注意所查找信息的特点。例如：如果问题或选项涉及到人名、地名，就应该找首字母大写的单词;如果问题或选项涉及时间、日期、数字，就应该寻找具体的数据。

　　D

　　Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.

　　“The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media,” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”

　　Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的), but that didn’t necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times’ website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times’ readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.

　　Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused(激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, “Contagious: Why Things Catch On.”